In Aluminum Parts CNC Machine Tool Processing, in order to obtain good surface roughness, the following measures can be taken:
1. Tool aspect
The first is the selection of tool materials. For aluminum parts processing, carbide tools are more suitable. Because carbide has high hardness and good wear resistance, it can keep the tool sharp during long-term processing. For example, when milling the plane of aluminum parts, carbide milling cutters can effectively reduce the impact of tool wear on surface quality.
The geometric parameters of the tool are also critical. The front angle of the tool should be appropriately increased, which can reduce the cutting force and make the cutting process smoother. For example, when turning the outer circle of aluminum parts, a larger front angle helps the smooth discharge of aluminum chips and prevents aluminum chips from scratching the processed surface. At the same time, the cutting edge radius of the tool should be as small as possible. The sharp cutting edge can effectively reduce extrusion and friction during the cutting process and reduce surface roughness.
2. Cutting parameters
The reasonable selection of cutting speed is crucial. For aluminum parts processing, due to the relatively low hardness of aluminum, the cutting speed can be appropriately increased if the machine tool performance allows. Higher cutting speeds help reduce the generation of built-up edge. Built-up edge can damage the quality of the machined surface. At the same time, the appropriate feed rate is also important. If the feed rate is too large, the surface residual height will increase and the surface roughness will deteriorate. The feed rate should be finely adjusted according to factors such as tool diameter and processing requirements. For example, when milling the contour of aluminum parts on a CNC milling machine, the feed rate is generally controlled within a small range to obtain better surface quality. The cutting depth should not be too large, otherwise it will cause drastic changes in cutting force and affect the flatness of the machined surface.
3. Processing technology
During the processing process, the use of appropriate cooling and lubrication methods can effectively improve the surface roughness. Emulsions or cutting oils can be used for cooling and lubrication when processing aluminum parts. Emulsions can not only reduce cutting temperatures, but also play a lubricating role and reduce friction between the tool and the workpiece. In addition, it is also important to arrange the processing procedures reasonably. For example, roughing and finishing are carried out separately, and smaller cutting parameters are used during finishing to further improve the surface quality.
